At the ITS World Congress 2012 in Vienna a full session was devoted to GNSS-based RUC for commercial vehicles, discussing already implemented projects and the related pros and cons.
Here are the top 5 reasons why GNSS-based Road User Charging is the ideal solution.
- Flexibility. Once you have developed a GNSS-based tolling system, supported by DSRC beacons in difficult environmental conditions (only 10 were required over 15.000 km in France, says Mr Giacalone by AutostradeTech) you can easily adapt it to specific needs and conditions: you can easily both add or take out new roads and new type of roads. As physical infrastructures are reduced to the minimum, the system is completely flexible
- Time of implementation. Due to the same reasons mentioned above, the implementation can be quick and smooth and is far more linked to the time needed to make the OBUs available to charged users (the Ecotaxe project in France has included the creation of OBUs? vending machines that allow users to purchase the OBUs 24/7 using whatever payment option). The whole process can be measured in terms of weeks rather than the usual months says Mr Miroslav from Skytoll
- Cost effectiveness. Again linked to the reduced need for physical infrastructure is cost effectiveness: GNSS-based systems show the lower cost per km. In comparison to DSRC:
- OBUs are more expensive
- number of DSRC entries is much lower
- back office costs are the same
- No queues. This benefit is 100% enjoyed by the final users: no more need to stop or slow down when getting to the entries/exits, GNSS-based systems would bring to a continuous flow of vehicles in and out of tolled roads
- Fairness. The idea that you pay based on what you truly use is widely accepted and perceived as fair by final users and GNSS-based systems would make it very easy for Authorities to implement differential schemes based on time of trip, road or type of road, congestion of road, etc
Mr Giacalone, from AutostradeTech, estimates that only if you are planning to involve in your tolling plan less than 1.000 km DSRC is an effective solution, in all other cases GNSS is the best option, supported by DSRC beacons when needed.
In addition to the above if RUC becomes one of several bundled ITS applications, OBUs capital cost will be close to zero and GNSS-based system will be even more cost effective and flexible, states Mr Sage from Helios.
When looking at the possibility to extend Road User Charging to private cars, the issue of too expensive OBUs becomes relevant, however after 2 days spent at the ITS World Congress I ? and many others ? would bet on smartphones as the OBU of the future for most B2C ITS applications.
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